Autogyro

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https://term.museum-digital.de/md-de/tag/53762

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"An autogyro (from Greek αὐτός and γύρος, "self-turning"), also known as a gyroplane or gyrocopter, is a type of rotorcraft that uses an unpowered rotor in free autorotation to develop lift. Forward thrust is provided independently, by an engine-driven propeller. While similar to a helicopter rotor in appearance, the autogyro´s rotor must have air flowing across the rotor disc to generate rotation, and the air flows upwards through the rotor disc rather than down.

The autogyro was invented by Spanish engineer Juan de la Cierva in an attempt to create an aircraft that could fly safely at low speeds. He first flew one on 9 January 1923, at Cuatro Vientos Airfield in Madrid. Cierva´s autogyro is considered the predecessor of the modern helicopter. The aircraft resembled the fixed-wing aircraft of the day, with a front-mounted engine and propeller." - (en.wikipedia.org 13.05.2021)

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